L516
INTRODUCTION TO ARCHIVES AND
RECORDS MANAGEMENT

Fall 2002 - Section 7414
Wednesdays, 9:30 am - 12:15 pm
Main Library 031


Instructor
Philip C. Bantin, Director of the Indiana University Archives
Office: Bryan Hall, Room 201
Office Hours: Monday & Tuesday, 12:00 - 1:00 pm and by appointment
(812) 855-5897

bantin@indiana.edu


COURSE SYLLABUS


Short Course Description

This course will provide an introduction to the basic theories, methodologies, and most significant problems relating to archives and records management. The course will also introduce students to the ways archivists are responding to the challenges of managing and preserving electronic records.

Long Course Description
This course is an introduction to the basic theories, methodologies, and most significant problems relating to the management of records and especially archival records. The course will address the following key questions:

  1. What are archives, and why are they important?
  2. What principles and concepts guide the work of archivists?
  3. What are the basic components of an archival program?
  4. How are archival records appraised, arranged and described, and made available for use? More specifically, in the area of appraisal, students will be introduced to the classic writings of appraisal theory, will review some of the main debates about the purpose and practice of appraisal, and will examine the prominent models for appraising records. In the area of arrangement and description, students will learn how archival records are processed and will be introduced to the ongoing debate on descriptive standards. In the area of reference and use, students will examine the basic characteristics of a reference program, will review the literature on measuring use to define archival practice and principles, will examine the nature and need for public programming, and will review the legal and ethical issues related to access to archival records.
  5. What are the basic elements of a records management program?
  6. What has been the impact of the new information technologies on archives and records management theory and practice? The course will introduce students to the ways that archivists are responding to the challenge of managing and preserving electronic records.
  7. Where is the archival profession headed? Students will review educational standards and the search for an archival identity.

Prerequisites
There are no prerequisites for this course. This is an introductory course designed to provide students with information on the basic theories and practices of archives and records management.

Course Objectives
This course will introduce students to the basic theoretical principles and methodologies and the various practices involved in administering archives and records management programs.

This course will provide a basic understanding of archival work, which will enable students to better understand the role of archives in the world of information management and allow them to perceive differences and similarities between archivists, manuscript curators, rare book librarians, librarians, and other practitioners in related information fields.

This course will provide a basic understanding of archival work so that students can make an informed decision about pursuing a professional career in archives.

This course will provide a basic understanding of the importance of records in the modern information age and of records management as an important tool and function in an archival program.

This course will provide a basic understanding of how new information technologies are transforming archival theory and practice and how archivists are attempting to meet this challenge.

This course will introduce students to the classic writings in the archives and records management professions.

This course will encourage students to begin thinking critically about strategies for managing the archival record in the modern information age.

This course will prepare students for internships in an archival repository and prepare them to take more advanced classes or workshops on archival administration or records management.

Course Requirements - General
Course requirements include the following:

  • ** Adequate preparation to discuss required reading assignments.
  • ** Full participation in class discussions and in group exercises.
  • ** Preparation of 3 short papers (5-6 pages long in response to questions posed by the instructor; due on week 4, week 7 and week 10 of the course).
  • ** Preparation of a major paper (15-20 pages) reviewing and evaluating the existing literature on an archival or records management issue. Paper is due on week 15 of the course.

The weighing for the grade is as follows:

Major Paper 35%
Short Papers (3) 45%
Class Participation-
Includes General
Discussion and
Group Exercises
20%

Course Requirements - Specific

** Major Paper
This assignment involves reviewing and analyzing the literature on a particular archival or records management topic. In this paper, the student will demonstrate that he/she has completed some in-depth reading on some aspect of archival administration or records management, and understands and can identity the major issues surrounding the topic. This is not an original research paper. It is also not a series of summaries or reviews of books or articles. The goal is to examine how the profession defines strategies for addressing major issues as expressed in the professional literature. More specifically, the paper must include:

  1. A review of the literature stressing in particular how the profession has defined the topic or issue and how theory or ideas on this principle or topic have changed or evolved.
  2. An evaluation of the literature's strengths and weaknesses, including any conclusions regarding areas where additional research is needed.

Students must show evidence (through footnotes) of having read at least 15 articles and/or monographs on the topic. These 15 references must be in addition to the required course readings on the subject. The paper should be in the 15 to 20 page range.

Students are required to inform the instructor of their choice of topic by week 8 (October 23). The paper is due on week 15 (December 11).

** Short Papers
These papers comprising 5 to 6 pages will be in response to a specific question posed by the instructor. They will be due at the end of class on week 4, week 7 and week 10.

Short Paper 1 due at the end of class on Week 4 (September 25): Question to Answer
Hilary Jenkinson and T.R. Schellenberg offer two very different sets of theories about the mission of an archives and the responsibilities of an archivist. Whose ideas make more sense to you and why?

Short Paper 2 due at the end of class on Week 7 (October 16): Question to Answer
Which of the appraisal models do you think would prove to be the most useful and effective? Please articulate specific reasons for your choice. In your explanation, compare your favorite appraisal model with at least one other model.

Short Paper 3 due at the end of class on Week 10 (November 6):
Review the IU Libraries EAD Template at http://www.indiana.edu/~letrs/ead/template.html
Using all the elements listed in this document (required, optional, recommended), revise the University Archives finding aid found at http://www.indiana.edu/~libarch/Inst/047inst.html. Revising the finding aid will involve 1) adding EAD elements not presently included in the finding aid; 2) adding content within each element; 3) arranging the EAD elements in the order that you think makes most sense. More information on each EAD element can be found in the EAD Tag Library at http://lcweb.loc.gov/ead/tglib/tlhome.html

** Class Discussion
Students are expected to actively participate in class discussions and in group exercises. A portion of the grade will be dependent on the instructor's evaluation of the student's preparation for and participation in class activities. Throughout the course, there will be opportunities for students to explore issues and discuss readings with the instructor and fellow students.

** Deadlines and Due Dates
All assignments must be submitted on the dates specified in the syllabus. Students handing in assignments after the due date will lose one letter grade in the assessment of the grade. If a student cannot deliver an assignment on the due date, it is his/her responsibility to discuss the situation with the instructor. A grade of I (Incomplete) will be assigned only if exceptional circumstances warrant it.

** Grading Scale
All grades will be assigned according to the following academic standard, which was defined by student and faculty members of the Committee on Improvement of Instruction and approved by the faculty of the School of Library and Information Science as an aid in evaluation of student performance.

Grade

Numerical Equivalent

Definition
A 4.0 (95-100 points) Outstanding achievement. Student performance demonstrates full command of the course material and a high level of originality and/or creativity that far surpasses course expectations.
A - 3.7 (90-94 points) Excellent achievement. Student performance demonstrates thorough knowledge of the course materials and exceeds course expectations by completing all requirements in a superior manner.
B + 3.3 (87-89 points) Very good work. Student performance demonstrates above average comprehension of the course materials and exceeds course expectations on all tasks as defined in the course syllabus.
B 3.0 (83-86 points) Good work. Student performance meets designated course expectations, demonstrates understanding of the course materials, and performs at an acceptable level.
B - 2.7 (80-82 points) Marginal work. Student performance demonstrates incomplete understanding of course materials.
C +
C
2.3 (77-79 points)
2.0 (73-76 points)
Unsatisfactory work. Student performance demonstrates incomplete and inadequate understanding of course materials.
C -
D+
D
D-
1.7 (70-72)
1.3
1.0
0.7
(60-69 points)
Unacceptable work. Coursework performed at this level will not count toward the MLS or MIS degree. For the course to count toward the degree, the student must repeat the course with a passing grade.
F 0.0 (<60 points) Failing. Student may continue in the program only with permission of the Dean.

** Ethical Behavior
Indiana University and School of Library and Information Science policies on academic dishonesty will be followed. Academic (e.g. plagiarism) and personal misconduct by students in this class are defined and dealt with according to the procedures in the Code of Student Ethics. Students who engage in plagiarism, cheating, and other types of dishonesty will receive an F for the course. To help you recognize plagiarism, the IU Writing Center has prepared a helpful guide: Plagiarism: What It is and How to Recognize and Avoid It.

Course Schedule and Readings

All REQUIRED readings are included in the course reading packet, which is available for purchase at the IU Bookstore and at TIS Bookstore. Some of the readings are available only on-line, in which case the electronic address is given.


WEEK 1 - SEPTEMBER 4

Orientation to the Course, Introductions
The Nature of Archives - What are They? Why are They Created? Why Keep Them?


WEEK 2 - SEPTEMBER 11

The Nature of Archives - What are They? Why are They Created? Why Keep Them?
(Continued)

Required Readings:

Francis Blouin, "Archivists, Mediation and Constructs of Social Memory," Archival Issues, Vol. 24, No. 2 (1999): 101-112.

Luciana Duranti, "Reliability and Authenticity: The Concepts and Their Implications," Archivaria 39 (Spring 1995): 5-10.

Kenneth Foote, "To Remember and Forget: Archives, Memory and Culture," American Archivist 53 (Summer 1990): 378-392.

Hilary Jenkinson, "Reflections of an Archivist," in A Modern Archives Reader (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Service, 1984), pp. 15-21.

Sue McKemmish, "Introducing Archives and Archival Program," in Judith Ellis, ed., Keeping Archives, 2nd edition (D.W. Thorpe in association with the Australian Society of Archivists, 1993), pp. 1-10.

T.R. Schellenberg, Modern Archives. Principles and Techniques (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1956), pp. 11-16.

Optional Readings:

Brien Brothman, "The Pact That Archives Keep: Memory, History, and the Preservation of Archival Records," Archivaria No. 51 (Spring 2001), pp. 48-80.

Philip Brooks, Research in Archives. The Use of Unpublished Primary Sources (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1969), pp. 1-13.

Richard Cox, Managing Institutional Archives (New York: Greenwood Press, 1992), pp. 1-23

Frank B. Evans, "Archivists and Records Managers: Variations on a Theme," American Archivist 30 (January 1967): pp. 45-58.

Hilary Jenkinson, A Manual of Archive Administration (London: Percy Lund, Humphries & Co. LTD, 1966), pp. 1-38.

Eric Ketelaar, " Archivalisation and Archiving," Archives and Manuscripts," Vol. 27, No. 1 (May 1999): 54-61.

Victoria Lemieux, "Let the Ghosts Speak: An Empirical Exploration of the 'Nation' of the Record," Archivaria, Vol. 51 (Spring 2001), pp. 81-111.

Steven Lubar, "Information Culture and the Archival Record," American Archivist, Vol. 62, No. 1 (Spring 1999): 10-22.

Heather McNeil, "Trusting Records in a Post Modern World," Archivaria, Vol. 51 (Spring 2001), pp. 36-47.

Thornton Mitchell, editor, Norton on Archives. The Writings of Margaret Cross Norton on Archival and Records Management (Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1975), pp. 3-38.

James O'Toole, Understanding Archives and Manuscripts (Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1990), pp. 7-25.

David Potts, "College Archives as Windows on American Society," American Archivist 40 (January 1977): 43-49.

Hugh Taylor, "My Very Act and Deed: Some Reflections on the Role of Textual Records in the Conduct of Affairs," American Archivist 51 (Fall 1988): 456-469; also can be found in Canadian Archival Studies and the Rediscovery of Provenance, Tom Nesmith, ed. (Metuchen, N.J., & London: SAA and ACA in association with The Scarecrow Press, Inc., 1993), pp. 251-268.

Sarah Tyacke, "Archives in a Wider World: The Culture and Politics of Archives," Archivaria, No. 52 (Fall 2001), pp. 1-25.

JoAnne Yates, Control Through Communication: The Rise of System in American Management (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989), chapters one through three and conclusion.


WEEK 3 - SEPTEMBER 18

History of Archives and Records Management: Ancient to Modern; The Emergence of the Archival and Records Management Professions
The Future of the Archival Profession - Education, Training, and Employment

Required Readings:

History:
Luciana Duranti, "The Odyssey of Records Managers," in Canadian Archival Studies and the Rediscovery of Provenance, Tom Nesmith, ed. (Metuchen, N.J., & London: SAA and ACA in association with The Scarecrow Press, Inc., 1993), pp. 29-60.

James O'Toole, Understanding Archives and Manuscripts, pp. 27-33.

Ernst Posner, "Some Aspects of Archival Development Since the French Revolution," in A Modern Archives Reader: Basic Readings on Archival Theory and Practice, Maygene Daniels and Timothy Walch, eds. (Washington, D.C.: NARS, 1984), pp. 3-14.

Education:
Terry Cook, " 'The Imperative of Challenging Absolutes' in Graduate Archival Education Programs: Issues for Educators and the Profession," The American Archivist, Vol. 63, No. 2 (Fall/Winter 2000): 380-391.

Luciana Duranti, "The Society of American Archivists and Graduate Archival Education: A Sneak Preview of Future Directions," The American Archivist, Vol. 63, No. 2 (Fall/Winter 2000): 237-242.

Society of American Archivists, "Guidelines for a Graduate Program in Archival Studies,"
http://www.archivists.org/prof-education/ed_guidelines.asp

Society of American Archivists, Guidelines for the Development of Post-Appointment and Continuing Education and Training Programs (PACE)" on the Web at http://www.archivists.org/prof-education/pace.asp

Optional Readings:

Optional Readings on History:
William E. Brown, Jr. and Elizabeth Yakel, "Redefining the Role of College and University Archives in the Information Age," American Archivist 59, No. 3 (Summer 1996): 272-287.

O. Lawrence Burnette, Beneath the Footnote (Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 1969), pp. 43-73, 130-192.

M.T. Clanchy, " Tenacious Letters: Archives and Memory in the Middle Ages," Archivaria 11 (Winter 1980-81): 115-125.

Richard J. Cox, "Archives and Archivists in the Twenty-First Century: What Will We Become?" Archival Issues Vol. 20, No. 2 (1995): 97-113.

Charles Dollar, Archival Theory and Information Technologies: The Impact of Information Technologies on Archival Principles and Methods (Macerata: University of Macerata Press, 1992), pp. 35-44.

Michel Duchein, "The History of European Archives and the Development of the Archival Profession in Europe," American Archivist, 55, No. 1 (Winter 1992): 14-24.

Timothy Ericson, "Forming 'Structures of Exquisite Beauty': Archivists and Education," Archivaria 42 (Fall 1996): 118-125.

Donald McCoy, The National Archives: America's Ministry of Documents 1934-1968 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1978), chapters one, three, five, six, seven, twelve, seventeen and twenty.

Lawrence McCrank, "Documenting Reconquest and Reform: The Growth of Archives in the Medieval Crown of Aragon," American Archivist 56 (Spring 1993): 256-318.

James O'Toole, Herodutus and the Written Record," Archivaria 33 (1991-92): 148-160.

James O'Toole, " 'Commendatory Letters': An Archival Reading the Venerable Bede," American Archivist, Vol. 61, No. 2 (Fall 1998): 266-286.

Ernst Posner, American State Archives (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1964), chapter one.

James Sickinger, "Literacy, Documents, and Archives in the Ancient Athenian Democracy," The American Archivist, Vol. 62, No. 2 (Fall 1999): 229-246.

Rosalind Thomas, Literary and Orality in Ancient Greece (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992), chapters four, five, and seven.

Jean-Pierre Wallot, "Limited Identities for a Common Identity: Archivist in the Twenty-First Century," Archivaria 41 (Spring 1996): 6-30.

Optional Readings on Education:

Carol Couture, "Today's Students, Tomorrow's Archivists: Present-Day Focus and Development as Determinants of Archival Science in the Twenty-First Century," Archivaria 42 (Fall 1996): 95-104.

Richard Cox, "The Master of Archival Studies and American Education Standards: An Argument for the Continued Development of Graduate Archival Education in the United States," Archivaria 36 (Autumn 1993): 221-231.

Richard Cox and Edie Rasmussen, "Reinventing the Information Professions and the Argument for Specialization in LIS Education: Case Studies in Archives and Information Technology," Journal for Education for Library and Information Science," Vol. 38, No. 4 (Fall 1997): 255-267.

Luciana Duranti, "The Archival Body of Knowledge: Archival Theory, Method, and Practice, and Graduate and Continuing Education, Journal of Education for Library and Information Science 34 (Winter 1993): 8-24.

Terry Eastwood, "Nurturing Archival Education in the University," in Canadian Archival Studies and the Rediscovery of Provenance, pp. 475-507; can also be found in The American Archivist 51 (Summer 1988): pp. 228-252.

Terry Eastwood, "Reforming the Archival Curriculum to Meet Contemporary Needs," Archivaria 42 (Fall 1996): 80-88.

Alan D. Gabehart, "Qualifications Desired by Employers for Entry-Level Archivists in the United States," American Archivist 55, No. 3 (Summer 1992): 420-439.

F. Gerald Ham, Frank Boles, et.al., "Is the Past Still Prologue?: History and Archival Education," American Archivist , 56, No. 4 (Fall 1993): 718-729.

Margaret Hedstrom, "Teaching Archivists About Electronic Records and Automated Techniques: A Needs Assessment," American Archivist 56, No. 3 (Summer 1993): 424-433.

Tom Nesmith, "Hugh Taylor's Contextual Idea for Archives and the Foundation of Graduate Education in Archival Studies, " in Barbara L. Craig, ed., The Archival Imagination: Essays in Honour of Hugh A. Taylor (Ottawa: Association of Canadian Archivists, 1992), pp. 13-37.

Tom Nesmith, " 'Professional Education in the Most Expansive Sense': What Will the Archivist Need to Know in the Twenty-First Century," Archivaria 42 (Fall 1996): 89-94.

James O'Toole, "The Archival Curriculum: Where Are We Now?" Archival Issues, Vol. 22, No. 2 (1997): 103-113.

Society of American Archivists, The American Archivist , Vol. 63, No. 2 (Fall/Winter 2000) - Whole issue devoted to articles on graduate archival education.

Tyler Walters, "Creating a Front Door to Archival Knowledge in the United States: Guidelines for a Master of Archival Studies Degree," Archival Issues, 18, No. 2 (1993): 77-95.

Tyler Walters, "Possible Educations for Archivists: Integrating Graduate Archival Education with Public History Programs," American Archivist 54, No. 4 (Fall 1991): 484-492.

Tyler Walters, "Rediscovering the Theoretical Base of Records Management and Its Implications for Graduate Education: Searching for the New School of Information Studies," Journal of Education for Library and Information Science 36 (Spring 1995): 139-154.

WEEK 4 - SEPTEMBER 25

SHORT PAPER NO. 1 DUE

Basic Concepts and Components of an Archival Program
Basic and Essential Archival Concepts - Provenance, Fonds, Original Order, Evidence, Permanence, Process, Function, Record, Life Cycle, Continuum Theory
History of Archival Theory and Practice
Administration of Archival Repositories: Identifying Basic Components of an Archival Program

Required Readings:

Required Readings on Basic Archival Concepts and the History of Archival Theory and
Practice:

Terry Cook, "What is Past is Prologue: A History of Archival Ideas Since 1898, and the Future Paradigm Shift," Archivaria 43 ( Spring 1997): 17-63.

Charles Dollar, Archival Theory and Information Technologies: The Impact of Information Technologies on Archival Principles and Methods (Macerata: University of Macerata Press, 1992), pp. 45-51, 72-74.

Ira Penn, Gail Pennix, and Jim Coulson, Records Management Handbook (Hampshire, England: Gower Publishing, 1994), pp. 12-18.

Required Readings on the Basic Components of an Archival Program

Richard Cox, Managing Institutional Archives, pp. 25-47.

Optional Readings:

Optional Readings on Basic Archival Concepts and the History of Archival Theory and
Practice:

Glenda Acland," Managing the Record Rather Than the Relic," Archives and Manuscripts 20 (May 1992): 57-63.

Jay Atherton, "From Life Cycle to Continuum: Some Thoughts on the Records Management-Archives Relationship," Archivaria, Vol. 21 (Winter 1985-1986): 43-51; also can be found in Canadian Archival Studies and the Rediscovery of Provenance, pp. 391-402.

David Bearman and Richard Lytle, "The Power of the Principle of Provenance," Archivaria 21 (Winter 1985-1986): 14-27.

Richard Berner, "Historical Development of Archival Theory and Practices in the United States," Midwestern Archivist 7, no. 2 (1982): 103-117.

Frank Boles, "Disrespecting Original Order," American Archivist 45 (Winter 1982): 26-32.

Maynard Brichford, "The Origins of Modern European Archival Theory," Midwestern Archivist 7, no. 2 (1982): 87-101.

Brien Brothman, "Orders of Value: Probing the Theoretical Terms of Archival Practice," Archivaria 32 (Summer 1991): 78-100.

Michael Buckland, "On the Nature of Records Management Theory," American Archivist 57, No. 2 (Spring 1994): 346-351.

Terry Cook, "The Concept of the Archival Fonds in the Post-Custodial Era: Theory, Problems and Solutions," Archivaria 35 (Spring 1993): 24-37.

Terry Cook, "Fashionable Nonsense or Professional Rebirth: Postmodernism and the Practice of Archives," Archivaria, Vol. 51 (Spring 2001), pp. 14-35.

Richard Cox, "Why Records are Important in the Information Age," Records Management Quarterly 32, No. 1 (January 1998): 36-52.

Michel Duchein, "Theoretical Problems and Practical Problems of 'Respect des Fonds' in Archival Science," Archivaria 16 (Summer 1983): 64-82.

Luciana Duranti, "Diplomatics: New Uses for an Old Science," are serialized in Archivaria , Part I, 28 (Summer 1989): 7-27; Part II, 29 (Winter 1989-90): 4-17; Part III, 30 (Summer 1990): 4-20; Part IV, 31 (Winter 199091): 10-25; Part V, 32 (Summer 1991): 6-24; Part VI, 33 (Winter 1991-92): 6-24.

Luciana Duranti, "The Records: Where Archival Universality Resides," Archival Issues 19, No. 2 (1994): 83-94.

Verne Harris, "On (Archival) Odyssey," Archivaria , Vol. 51 (Spring 2001), pp. 2-13.

Peter Horsman, "Taming the Elephant. An Orthodox Approach to the Principle of Provenance," in The Principle of Provenance (Sweden: Sweden National Archives, 1994), pp. 51-63.

Chris Hurley, "Ambient Functions: Abandoned Children to Zoos," Archivaria 40 (Fall 1995): 21-39.

Chris Hurley, "What, If Anything, Is a Function," Archives and Manuscripts 21, no. 2 (1993): 208-220.

Hilary Jenkinson, A Manual of Archive Administration (London: Percy Lund, Humphries & Co. LTD, 1966), pp. 38-125.

Sue McKemmish, "Are Records Ever Actual,"; available on-line at http://rcrg.dstc.edu.au/publications/smcktrc.html

Frederic Miller, Arranging and Describing Archives and Manuscripts (Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1990), pp. 19-30.

James O'Toole, "On the Idea of Permanence," American Archivist 52 (Winter 1989): 10-25.

Ira Penn, "Understanding the Life Cycle Concept of Records Management," Records Management Quarterly 17 (July 1983): 5-8.

David Roberts, "Defining Electronic Records, Documents and Data," Archives and Manuscripts 22 (May 1994): 14-26.

T.R. Schellenberg, Modern Archives. Principles and Techniques (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1956), pp. 113-132..

Peter Scott, "The Record Group Concept: A Case for Abandonment," American Archivist, 29, no. 4 (October 1966): 493-504.

Don C. Skemer, "Diplomatics and Archives," American Archivist 52, No. 3 (Summer 1989): 376- 82.

Elizabeth Yakel, "The Way Things Work: Procedures, Processes, and Institutional Records," American Archivist 59, No. 4 (Fall 1996): 454-464.

Optional Readings on the Basic Components of an Archival Program:

William Mahar, The Management of College and University Archives (Chicago: Society of American Archivists and Scarecrow Press, 1992): 17-34.

Paul McCarthy, "The Management of Archives: A Research Agenda," American Archivist 51 (Winter/Spring 1988): 52-69.

Anne-Marie Schwirtlich, "Getting Organized" in Keeping Archives, pp. 25-73.

Michael Swift, "Management Techniques and Technical Resources in the Archives of the 1980s," Archivaria 20 (Summer 1985): 94-104.

Thomas Wilsted and William Nolte, Managing Archival and Manuscript Repositories (Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1991), pp. 15-34, 55-67.

WEEK 5 (OCTOBER 2) AND WEEK 6 (OCTOBER 9)

ARCHIVAL APPRAISAL

WEEK 5 - OCTOBER 2
Appraisal - Basic Definitions; The Traditional Foundations of Archival
Appraisal Theory and Practice; The Evolution of Appraisal Theory; The Context of
Archival Appraisal

Required Readings:

Charles Dollar, Archival Theory and Information Technologies, pp. 55-60, 76-78.

F. Gerald Ham, Selecting and Appraising Archives and Manuscripts (Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1992), pp. 51-65.

Ole Kolsrud, "The Evolution of Basic Appraisal Principles-Some Comparative Observations," American Archivist 44 (Winter 1992): 26-37.

Barbara Reed, "Appraisal and Disposal" in Keeping Archives, pp. 157-164, 172-175, 184-202.

T.R. Schellenberg, "The Appraisal of Modern Public Records," in A Modern Archives Reader, pp. 57-70.

Optional Readings:

Joyce Appleby, Lynn Hunt, Margaret Jacob, "Truth and Objectivity," in Telling the Truth About History (New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1994): 241-270.

Frank Boles, "Sampling in Archives," American Archivist 44 (Spring 1981): 125-130.

Terry Cook, "Many are called, but few are chosen": Appraisal Guidelines for Sampling and Selecting Case Files," Archivaria 32 (Summer 1991): 25-45.

Richard Cox, Managing Institutional Archives, pp. 49-84.

Terry Eastwood, "How Goes It With Appraisal?" Archivaria 36 (Autumn 1993): 111-121.

F. Gerald Ham, "Archival Choices: Managing the Historical Record in an Age of Abundance," in Archival Choices: Managing the Historical Record in an Age of Abundance, pp. 11-22.

F. Gerald Ham, "The Archival Edge," American Archivist 38 (January 1975): 5-13.

F. Gerald Ham, "Archival Strategies for the Post-Custodial Era," American Archivist 44 (Summer 1981): 207-216.

David Kepley, "Sampling in Archives: A Review," American Archivist 47 (Summer 1984): 237-242.

Evelyn Kolish, "Sampling Methodology and its Application: An Illustration of the Tension Between Theory and Practice," Archivaria 38 (Fall 1994): 61-73.

D. Laberge, "Information, Knowledge and Rights: The Preservation of Archives as a Political and Social Issue," Archivaria 25 (Winter 1987-1988): 44-49.

Paul Lewinson, "Archival Sampling," American Archivist 20 (October 1957): 291-312.

Shauna McRanor, "A Critical Analysis of Intrinsic Value," American Archivist 59, No. 4 (Fall 1996): 400-411.

Thornton Mitchell, ed. Norton on Archives: The Writings of Margaret Cross Norton on Archival and Records Management, pp. 231-265.

S. Muller, J.A. Feith, and R. Fruin, Manual for the Arrangement and Description of Archives (New York: H.W. Wilson, 1968), chapter 1.

Nancy Peace, "Deciding What to Save: Fifty Years of Theory and Practice," in Archival Choices: Managing the Historical Record in an Age of Abundance, ed. Nancy Peace (Lexington: D.C. Heath, 1984), pp. 1-18.

Riva Pollard, "The Appraisal of Personal Papers: A Critical Literature Review," Archivaria, Vol. 52 (Fall 2001), pp. 136-150.

WEEK 6 - OCTOBER 9

Appraisal - Comparisons of Various Appraisal Models

Required Readings:

Frank Boles, and Julia Marks Young, "Exploring the Black Box: The Appraisal of University Administrative Records," American Archivist 48 (Spring 1985): 121-140.

Terry Cook, "Mind Over Matter: Towards a New Theory of Archival Appraisal," in Barbara L. Craig, ed. The Archival Imagination: Essays in Honour of Hugh A. Taylor (Ottawa: Association of Canadian Archivists, 1992), pp. 38-70.

Luciana Duranti, "The Concept of Appraisal and Archival Theory," American Archivist 57, No. 2 (Spring 1994): 328-344.

Mark Greene and Todd Daniels-Howell, "Documentation with an Attitude: A Pragmatist's Guide to the Selection and Acquisition of Business Records," in The Records of American Business, pp. 161-206.

Helen Samuels, "Improving Our Disposition: Documentation Strategy," Archivaria 33 (Winter 1991-92): 125-140.

Optional Readings:

Catherine Bailey, "From the Top Down: The Practice of Macro-Appraisal," Archivaria 43 (Spring 1997): 89-128.

Brian P.N. Beaven, "Macro-Appraisal: From Theory to Practice," Archivaria, No. 48 (Fall, 1999): 154-198.

Frank Boles, "Mix Two Parts Interest to One Part Information and Appraise Until Done: Understanding Contemporary Record Selection Processes," American Archivist 50 (Summer 1987): 356-368.

Frank Boles, Archival Appraisal (New York: Neal-Schuman Publishers, Inc., 1991), pp. 18-28.

Frank Boles and Mark Greene, "Et Tu Schellenberg? Thoughts on the Dagger of American Appraisal Theory," American Archivist 59, No. 3 (Summer 1996): 298-310.

Hans Booms, "Society and the Formation of a Documentary Heritage," Archivaria 24 (Summer 1987): 69-107.

Hans Booms, "Uberlieferungsbildung: Keeping Archives as a Social and Political Activity," Archivaria 33 (Winter 1991-92): 25-33.

Richard Brown, "Back to the Strategic Roots: Appraisal Reform at the National Archives of Canada," Archival Issues, Vol. 24, No. 2 (1999): 113-122.

Richard Brown, "Macro-Appraisal Theory and the Context of the Public Records Creator," Archivaria 40 (Fall 1995): 121-172.

Richard Brown, "Records Acquisition Strategy and its Theoretical Foundation: The Case for a Concept of Archival Hermeneutics," Archivaria 33 (Winter 1991-92): 34-56.

Bruce Bruemmer and Sheldon Hochheiser, The High-Technology Company: A Historical Research and Archival Guide (Minneapolis: Charles Babbage Institute, Center for the History of Information Processing, University of Minnesota, 1989).

Bruce Bruemmer, "Avoiding Accidents of Evidence: Functional Analysis in the Appraisal of Business Records," in The Records of American Business (Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1997), pp. 137-160.

Richard Cox and Helen Samuels, "The Archivist's First Responsibility: A Research Agenda for the Identification and Retention of Records of Enduring Value," American Archivist 51 (Winter/Spring 1988): 28-42.

Terry Eastwood, "Toward a Social Theory of Appraisal," in The Archival Imagination: Essays in Honour of Hugh A. Taylor (Ottawa: Association of Canadian Archivists, 1992), pp. 71-89.

Timothy Ericson, " 'To Approximate June Pasture': The Documentation Strategy in the Real World," Archival Issues, Vol. 22, No. 1 (1997): 5-20.

Mark Greene, " 'The Surest Proof': A Utilitarian Approach to Appraisal," Archivaria 45 (Spring 1998): 127-169.

Joan K. Haas, Helen W. Samuels, and Barbara Simmons, Appraising the Records of Modern Science and Technology: A Guide (Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985).

F. Gerald Ham, Selecting and Appraising Archives and Manuscripts (Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1992), pp. 1-14, 95-102.

Margaret Hedstrom, "Electronic Archives: Integrity and Access in the Network Environment," American Archivist 58, No. 3 (Summer 1995): 312-324

Margaret Hedstrom, "New Appraisal Techniques: The Effect of Theory on Practice," Provenance 7 (Fall 1989): 1-21.

Hilary Jenkinson, A Manual of Archive Administration, rev. 2nd ed. (London: Percy Lund, Humphries & Co., Ltd., 1966), pp. 136-155.

Russell Kelly, "The National Archives of Australia's New Approach to Appraisal," Archives and Manuscripts, Vol. 29, No. 1 (May 2001): 72-85.

Victoria Lemieux, "Applying Mintzberg's Theories on Organizational Configuration to Archival Appraisal," Archivaria 46 (Fall 1998): 32-85.

Jennifer Marshall, "Documentation Strategies in the Twenty-First Century?: Rethinking Institutional Priorities and Professional Limitations," Archival Issues, Vol. 23, No. 1 (1998): 59-74.

Angelika Menne-Haritz, "Appraisal or Documentation: Can We Appraise Archives by Selecting Content," American Archivist 57, No. 3 (Summer 1994): 528-542.

John Roberts, "One Size Fits All? The Portability of Macro-Appraisal by Comparative Analysis of Canada, South Africa, and New Zealand," Archivaria, Vol. 52 (Fall 2001), pp. 47-68.

Helen Samuels, Varsity Letters: Documenting Modern Colleges and Universities (Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1992), pp. 253-268.

Helen Samuels, "Who Controls the Past," American Archivist 49 (Spring 1986): 109-124.

Jim Suderman, "Appraising Records of the Expenditure Management Function: An Exercise in Functional Analysis," Archivaria 43 (Spring 1997): 129-142.

Danielle Wickman, "What's New? Functional Analysis in Life Cycle and Continuum Environments," Archives and Manuscripts, Vol. 27, No. 1 (May 1999): 114-127.

JoAnne Yates, "Internal Communication Systems in American Business Structures: A Framework to Aid Appraisal," American Archivist 48 (Spring 1985): 141-158.


WEEK 7 - OCTOBER 16

SHORT PAPER NO. 2 DUE

Arrangement of Archival Records
Accessioning Records; Fundamental Principles of Archival Arrangement; Strategies for Effective Processing

Required Readings:

Charles Dollar, Archival Theory and Information Technologies, pp. 60-62

Oliver Holmes, "Archival Arrangement - Five Different Operations at Five Different Levels," in Modern Archives Reader, p. 162-180; also in American Archivist 27 (January 1964): 21-41.

Peter Horsman, "Dirty Hands: A New Perspective on Original Order," Archives and Manuscripts, Vol. 27, No. 1 (May 1999): 42-53.

Chris Hurley, "The Australian ("Series') System: An Exposition,"; available on-line at http://rcrg.dstc.edu.au/publications/chtrc.html

Frederic Miller, Arranging and Describing Archives and Manuscripts (Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1990), pp. 69-78.

Optional Readings:

Terry Abraham, "What is Backlog is Prologue: A Measurement of Archival Processing," American Archivist 48 (Winter 1985): 31-44.

Richard Berner, Archival Theory and Practice in the United States: A Historical Analysis (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1983), pp. 59-68.

Paul Brunton and Tim Robinson, "Accessioning" in Keeping Archives, pp. 207-221.

Paul Brunton and Tim Robinson, "Arrangement and Description," in Keeping Archives, pp. 222-235.

Megan Floyd Desnoyers, "When is a Collection Processed?" in A Modern Archives Reader, pp. 309-321.

Terry Eastwood, "Putting the Parts of the Whole Together: Systematic Arrangement of Archives," Archivaria, No. 50 (Fall 2000): 93-116.

Paul Ericksen and Robert Shuster, "Beneficial Shocks: The Place of Processing-Cost Analysis in Archival Administration," American Archivist 58, No. 1 (Winter 1995): 32-52.

Max Evans, "Authority Control: An Alternative to the Record Group Concept," American Archivist 49 (Summer 1986): 249-261.

Uli Haller, "Processing for Access," American Archivist 48 (Fall 1985): 400-415.

Richard Hite and Daniel Linke, "Teaming Up with Technology: Team Processing," Midwestern Archivist 15, no. 2 (1990): 91-97.

Bob Krawczyk, "Cross Reference Heaven: The Abandonment of the Fonds as the Primary Level of Arrangement for Ontario Government Records," Archivaria, No. 48 (Fall, 1999): 131-153.

Frederic Miller, Arranging and Describing Archives and Manuscripts (Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1990), pp. 31-44, 57-68

T.R. Schellenberg, "Archival Principles of Arrangement," American Archivist 24 (January 1961): 11-24.

Helen Slotkin and Karen Lynch, "An Analysis of Processing Procedures: The Adaptable Approach," American Archivist 45 (Spring 1982): 155-163.

WEEK 8 - OCTOBER 23

TOPIC FOR MAJOR PAPER SELECTED AND APPROVED

Description of Archival Records
Description - Fundamental Principles and Development of Finding Aids for Archival
Records; Concept of Metadata; Descriptive Standards and the Development of MARC
Records for Archives; HTML, SGML, XML; and Encoded Archival Description (EAD)

Required Readings:

David Bearman, "Documenting Documentation," Archivaria 34 (Summer 1992): 33-49; also in
David Bearman, Electronic Evidence: Strategies for Managing Records in Contemporary Organizations (Pittsburgh: Archives and Museum Informatics, 1994), pp. 222-252.

Chris Hurley, "The Making and the Keeping of Records: (1) What are Finding Aids For?" Archives and Manuscripts, Vol. 26, No. 1 (May 1998): 58-77.

Frederic Miller, Arranging and Describing Archives and Manuscripts, pp. 88-108.

Daniel Pitti, "Encoded Archival Description: The Development of an Encoding Standard for Archival Finding Aids," American Archivist, 60 (Summer 1997): 268-283.

Barbara Reed, "Metadata: Core Record or Core Business," available on-line at http://rcrg.dstc.edu.au/publications/recordscontinuum/brep1.html

Optional Readings:

Archives & Museum Informatics, Vol. 12, Nos. 3-4 (1998), Special Issue, "EAD in Action: Applications of the Encoded Archival Description"

David Bearman, "Archives and Manuscripts Control with Bibliographic Utilities: Opportunities and Challenges," American Archivist 52 (Winter 1989): 26-39.

Richard Berner and Uli Haller, "Principles of Archival Inventory Construction," American Archivist 47 (Spring 1984): 134-155.

Wendy Duff and Kent Haworth, "Advancing Archival Description: A Model for Rationalising North American Descriptive Standards," Archives and Manuscripts, Vol. 25, No. 2 (November 1997): 194-217.

Wendy Duff, "Will Metadata Replace Archival Description? A Commentary," Archivaria 39 (Spring 1995): 33-38.

Luciana Duranti, "Origin and Development of the Concept of Archival Description," Archivaria 35 (Spring 1993): 47-54.

"Encoded Archival Description: Part 1 - Context and Theory; Part 2 - Case Studies," American Archivist, 60, Nos. 3-4 (Summer and Fall, 1997).

Encoded Archival Description (EAD) Sites on the Web - Browse - on-line at http://www.loc.gov/ead/eadsites.html

EAD DTD Home Page, Read Sections "Background Information on EAD" and "Overview of the EAD Structure" on-line at http://lcweb.loc.gov/ead/

Jennifer Edgecombe, "Finding Aids," Keeping Archives, pp. 248-272.

Michael Fox, "Implementing Encoded Archival Description: An Overview of Administrative and Technical Considerations," American Archivist, 60 (Summer 1997): 330-343.

Michael Fox, "The EAD Cookbook" http://jefferson.village.virginia.edu/ead/cookbookhelp.html

Maria Guercio, "Archival Theory and the Principle of Provenance for Current Records. Their Impact on Arranging and Inventorying Electronic Records," in The Principle of Provenance, pp. 75-86.

Kent Haworth, "The Development of Descriptive Standards in Canada: A Progress Report," Archivaria 34 (Summer 1992): 75-90.

Margaret Hedstrom, "Descriptive Standards for Electronic Records: Deciding What is Essential and Imagining What is Possible," Archivaria 36 (Autumn 1993): 53-63.

Steven Hensen, "The Use of Standards in the Application of the AMC Format," American Archivist, 49 (Winter 1986): 31-40.

Edward Hill, "The Preparation of Inventories at the National Archives," in A Modern Archives Reader, pp. 211-235.

International Council on Archives, "Statement of Principles Regarding Archival Description," Archivaria 34 (Summer 1992): 8-16.

Lydia Lucas, "Efficient Finding Aids: Developing a System for Control of Archives and Manuscripts," American Archivist 44 (Winter 1981): 21-26.

Heather MacNeil, "Metadata Strategies and Archival Description: Comparing Apples to Oranges," Archivaria 39 (Spring 1995): 22-32.

Sue McKemmish, Glenda Acland, Nigel Ward, and Barbara Reed, "Describing Records in Context in the Continuum: The Australian Recordkeeping Metadata Schema," Archivaria, No. 48 (Fall 1999): 3-43.

Avra Michelson, "Description and Reference in the Age of Automation," American Archivist 50 (Spring 1987): 192-208.

James Roth, "Serving Up EAD: An Exploratory Study on the Deployment and Utilization of Encoded Archival Description Finding Aids," The American Archivist, Vol. 64, No. 2 (Fall/Winter 2001): pp. 214-237.

T.R. Schellenberg, The Management of Archives (New York: Columbia University Press, 1965), pp. 106-118, 219-239.

Society of American Archivists, Committee on Finding Aids, Inventories and Registers: A Handbook of Techniques and Examples (Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1976).

Society of American Archivists, Working Group on Standards for Archival Description, "Standards for Archival Description: Background Papers," American Archivist 53 (Winter 1990): 24-108.

Robert Spindler and Richard Pearce-Moses, "Does AMC Mean 'Archives Made Confusing?' Patron Understanding of USMARC AMC Catalog Records," American Archivist 56 (Spring 1993): 330-341.

Jill Tatem, "EAD: Obstacles to Implementation, Opportunities for Understanding," Archival Issues, Vol. 23, No. 2 (1998): 155-169.

Victoria Irons Walch, Standards for Archival Description: A Handbook (Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1994).

David Wallace, "Managing the Present: Metadata as Archival Description," Archivaria 39 (Spring 1995): 11-21.


WEEK 9 - OCTOBER 30 -TOUR OF THE UNIVERSITY ARCHIVES


WEEK 10 - NOVEMBER 6

3rd SHORT PAPER DUE

Reference, Use, and Outreach
Theoretical Principles; Administering a Program; Measuring the Effectiveness of Archival Reference Service, Public Programs and Advocacy


Required Readings on Reference and Use:

Charles Dollar, Archival Theory and Information Technologies, pp. 62-65, 78-79.

Mary Jo Pugh, Providing Reference Services for Archives and Manuscripts (Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1992). pp. 41-53, 65-77.

Required Readings on Public Programs and Advocacy:

Barbara Craig, "What are Clients? Who are the Products? The Future of Archival Public Services in Perspective," Archivaria 31 (Winter 1990-1991): 135-141.

Elsie Freeman Finch, "Reflections on Myths and Realities," Archival Issues, Vol. 20, No. 2 (1995): 115-127.

Thomas Wilstead and William Nolte, Managing Archival and Manuscript Repositories (Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1991): 79-87.

Optional Readings on Reference and Use:

Barbara Craig, "Old Myths in New Clothes: Expectations of Archives Users," Archivaria 45 (Spring 1998): 118-126.

Bruce Dearstyne, "What is the Use of Archives? A Challenge for the Profession," American Archivist 50 (Winter 1987): 76-87.

Lawrence Dowler, "The Role of Use in Defining Archival Practice and Principles: A Research Agenda for the Availability and Use of Records," American Archivist 51 (Winter/Spring 1988): 74-86.

Dianne Beattie, "An Archival User Study: Researcher's in the Field of Women's History," Archivaria 29 (Winter 1989-1990): 33-50.

Paul Conway, "Facts and Frameworks: An Approach to Studying the Users of Archives," American Archivist 49 (Fall 1986): 393-407.

Paul Conway, Partners in Research: Improving Access to the Nation's Archives (Pittsburgh: Archives and Museum Informatics, 1994).

William Mahar, "The Use of User Studies," Midwestern Archivist 11, no. 1 (1986): 15-26.

Sigrid McCausland, "Access and Reference Services," in Keeping Archives, chapter 10.

Mary Jo Pugh, "The Illusion of Omniscience: Subject Access and the Reference Archivist," The American Archivist 45, no. 1 (Winter 1982): 33-44.

Janice Ruth, "Educating the Reference Archivist," American Archivist 51 (Summer 1988): 266-276.

Richard Summerrell, "Improving the Education and Professional Development of Reference Archivists," Archives and Manuscripts, Vol. 27, No. 1 (May 1999): 74-95.

Roy Turnbaugh, "Archival Mission and User Studies," Midwestern Archivist 11, no. 1 (1986): 27-33.

Elizabeth Yakel and Laura L. Bost, "Understanding Administrative Use and Users in University Archives," American Archivist 57, No. 4 (Fall 1994): 596-615.

Optional Readings on Public Programming and Advocacy:

Gabrielle Blais and David Enns, "From Paper Archives to People Archives: Public Programming in the Management of Archives," Archivaria 31 (Winter 1990-1991): 101-113; also can be found in Canadian Archival Studies and the Rediscovery of Provenance, pp. 443-459.

Terry Cook, "Viewing the World Upside Down: Reflections on the Theoretical Underpinnings of Archival Public Programming," Archivaria 31 (Winter 1990-1991): 123-134

Timothy Ericson, " 'Preoccupied with our own gardens': Outreach and Archivists," Archivaria 31 (Winter 1990-1991): 114-122.

Elsie Finch, ed., Advocating Archives: An Introduction to Public Relations for Archivists (Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press for the Society of American Archivists, 1994).

Elsie Freeman, "In the Eye of the Beholder: Archives Administration from the Users Point of View," American Archivist 47 (Spring 1984): 111-123.

Elsie Freeman Finch, "Making Sure They Want It: Managing Successful Public Programs," American Archivist 56, No. 1 (Winter 1993): 70-75.

Ann Pederson, "User Education and Public Relations," in Keeping Archives, pp. 306-339.

Page Putnam Miller, "Archival Issues and Programs: The Central Role of Advocacy," Public Historian 8 (Summer 1986): 57-70.


WEEK 11 - NOVEMBER 13

Access to Unpublished Records - Legal and Ethical Issues Related to Access and
Recordkeeping

Required Readings:
Thomas Elton Brown, "The Freedom of Information Act in the Information Age: The Electronic
Challenge to the People's Right to Know," American Archivist 58 (Spring 1995): 202-211.

Kenneth D. Crews, "Fair Use: Overview and Meaning for Higher Education," available on-line at http://www.iupui.edu/~copyinfo/highered2000.html

Elena Danielson, "The Ethics of Access," American Archivist 52 (Winter 1989): 52-62.

Heather MacNeil, Without Consent: The Ethics of Disclosing Personal Information in Public Archives (Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1992), pp. 181-201.

Society of American Archivists, " Basic Principles for Managing Intellectual Property In the Digital Environment: An Archival Perspective," on the Web at http://www.archivists.org/governance/handbook/app_j4.asp

Society of American Archivists, "Code of Ethics for Archivists" on the Web at http://www.archivists.org/governance/handbook/app_ethics.asp

Society of American Archivists, "Copyright, Archival Institutions and the Digital Environment" on the Web at http://www.archivists.org/governance/handbook/app_j5.asp

Society of American Archivists, "Text of Letter sent on SAA letterhead to members of the Senate and House Judiciary committees in opposition to the Copyright Term Extension Act" on the Web at http://www.archivists.org/statements/copyextn.asp

Optional Readings:

Armstrong v. the EOP or the Profs Case - material on the Web at
http://www.cpsr.org/cpsr/foia/PROFS_CASE/profs.html

Michael Les Benedict, "Historian and the Continuing Controversy over Fair Use of Unpublished Manuscript Materials," American Historical Review 91 (October 1986): 859-881.

Kenneth Crews, "Unpublished Manuscripts and the Right of Fair Use: Copyright Law and the Strategic Management of Information Resources," Rare Books & Manuscripts Librarianship 5, no. 2 (1990): 61-70.

Charles Elston, "University Student Records: Research Use, Privacy Rights and the Buckley Law," in College and University Archives: Selected Readings (Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1979): 68-79.

David Horn, "The Development of Ethics in Archival Practice," American Archivist 52 (Winter 1989): 64-71.
Livia Iacovino, "The Nature of the Nexus Between Recordkeeping and the Law,"; available on-line at http://rcrg.dstc.edu.au/publications/la03.html

Linda M. Matthews, "Copyright and the Duplication of Personal Papers in Archival Repositories," Library Trends 32 (Fall 1983): 223-240.

Diane Nixon, "Providing Access to Controversial Public Records: The Case of the Robert F. Kennedy Assassination Investigation Files," Public Historian 11 (Summer 1989): 29-44.

Gary Peterson and Trudy Huskamp Peterson, Archives and Manuscripts: Law (Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1985), pp. 38-46, 60-89.

Alice Robbin, "State Archives and Issues of Personal Privacy: Policies and Practices," American Archivist 49 (Spring 1986): 163-175.

Society of American Archivists, "Archival Issues Raised by Information Stored in Electronic Form" on the Web at http://www.archivists.org/governance/handbook/app_j10.asp


WEEK 12 - NOVEMBER 20

Records Management - Fundamental Principles

Required Readings:

William Mahar, The Management of College and University Archives (Chicago: Society of American Archivists and Scarecrow Press, 1992), pp. 282-303.

Ira Penn, Gail Pennix, and Jim Coulson, Records Management Handbook (Hampshire, England: Gower Publishing, 1994), pp. 3-11.

Mary Robek, Gerald Brown, and David Stephens, Information and Records Management (New York, N.Y.: Glencoe, 1995), pp. 2-65.

David Stephens and David Roberts, "From Australia: The World's First National Standard for Records Management," Records Management Quarterly (October 1996): 3-7, 62.

Optional Readings:

Susan Z. Diamond, Records Management. A Practical Approach, 3rd ed. (New York: AMACOM, 1995), pp. 1-18, 38-69.

John Djoka and Sheila Conneen, "Records Management as an Appraisal Tool in College and University Archives," in Archival Choices: Managing the Historical Record in an Age of Abundance, pp. 19-40.

F. Gerald Ham, Selecting and Appraising Archives and Manuscripts (Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1992), pp. 25-36

Karen Dawley Paul, "Archivists and Records Management," in James G. Bradsher (ed.), Managing Archives and Archival Institutions (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988), pp. 34-52.

Ira Penn, Gail Pennix, and Jim Coulson, Records Management Handbook, 50-66, 90-141.

Betty Ricks and Kay Gow, Information Resource Management (Cincinnati: South-Western Publishing Co., 1984), pp. 3-63.

Don C. Skemer and Geoffrey P. Williams, "Managing the Records of Higher Education: The State of Records Management in American Colleges and Universities," American Archivist 53, No. 4 (Fall 1990): 532-547.

Donald Skupsky, Records Retention Procedures (Information Requirements Clearinghouse, 1990).

Donald Skupsky, Recordkeeping Requirements ( Information Requirements Clearinghouse, 1988).


WEEK 13: NOVEMBER 27

HOLIDAY


WEEK 14 - DECEMBER 4

Twentieth Century "Revolution" in Recordkeeping

Required Readings:

Glenda Acland, "Archivist-Keeper, Undertaker or Auditor?" Archives and Manuscripts 19 (May 1991): 9-15.

David Bearman, "Archival Strategies," American Archivist 58, No. 4 (Fall 1995): 380-413

Charles Dollar, "Archivists and Records Managers in the Information Age," Archivaria 36 (Autumn 1993): 37-52.

Luciana Duranti, "Meeting the Challenge of Contemporary Records: Does it Require a Role Change for the Archivist," American Archivist, Vol. 63, No. 1 (Spring/Summer 2000), pp. 7-14.

Sue McKemmish, "Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow: A Continuum of Responsibility"; available on-line at http://rcrg.dstc.edu.au/publications/recordscontinuum/smckp2.html

Dan Zelenyj, "Archivy Ad Portas: The Archives-Records Management Paradigm Re-visited in the Electronic Information Age," Archivaria, Vol. 47 (Spring 1999): 66-84.

Optional Readings:

Chauncey Bell, "Re-membering the Future: Organizational Change, Technology, and the Role of the Archivist," Archival Issues," Vol. 25, Numbers 1 and 2 (2000), pp. 11-31.

Jim Coulson, "Our Professional Responsibility," Records Management Quarterly (October 1998): 8-14.

Thomas H. Davenport, Process Innovation. Reengineering Work through Information Technology (Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1993): 71-93.

Charles Dollar, The Impact of Information Technologies on Archival Principles and Methods (Macerata, Italy: University of Macerata, 1992), pp. 53-55, 75

Verne Harris, "On the Back of a Tiger: Deconstructive Possibilities in 'Evidence of Me'," Archives and Manuscripts, Vol. 29, No. 1 (May 2001): 8-21.

Paul Lasewicz, "Riding Out the Apocalypse: The Obsolescence of Traditional Archivy in the Face of Modern Corporate Dynamics," Archival Issues, Vol. 22, No. 1 (1997): 61-76.

Heather MacNeil, "Archival Theory and Practice: Between Two Paradigms," Archivaria 37 (Spring 1994): 6-20.

Sue McKemmish, "Evidence of Me"; available on-line at http://rcrg.dstc.edu.au/publications/recordscontinuum/smckp1.html

Sue McKemmish, "Recordkeeping, Accountability and Continuity: The Australian Reality," in Archival Documents. Providing Accountability Through Recordkeeping, Sue McKemmish and Frank Upward, eds. Melbourne, Ancora Press, 1993), pp. 9-26.

Sue McKemmish and Frank Upward, "Somewhere Beyond Custody"; available on-line at http://rcrg.dstc.edu.au/publications/somewher.html

Ann Pederson, "Empowering Archival Effectiveness: 'Archival Strategies' as Innovation," American Archivist 58, No. 4 (Fall 1995): 430-453.

Hugh A. Taylor, "Transformation in the Archives: Technological Adjustment or Paradigm Shift?" in Canadian Archival Studies and the Rediscovery of Provenance, Tom Nesmith, ed. (Metuchen, N.J., & London: SAA and ACA in association with The Scarecrow Press, Inc., 1993), pp. 227-249.

Frank Upward, "Structuring the Records Continuum. Part One, Post-custodial Principles and Properties,"; available on-line at http://rcrg.dstc.edu.au/publications/recordscontinuum/fupp1.html

Frank Upward, "Structuring the Records Continuum. Part Two: Structuration Theory and Recordkeeping,"; available on-line at http://rcrg.dstc.edu.au/publications/recordscontinuum/fupp2.html

Frank Upward, "In Search of the Continuum: Ian Maclean's 'Australian Experience' Essays on Recordkeeping,"; available on-line at http://rcrg.dstc.edu.au/publications/fuptrc.html

Frank Upward, "The Significance of Bearman's 'Simple Shared Goal' for Australian Records Managers," in Archival Documents, McKemmish and Upward eds., pp. 229-244.

Frank Upward and Sue McKemmish, "In Search of the Lost Tiger, by Way of Sainte-Beuve: Re-constructing the Possibilities in 'Evidence of Me'," Archives and Manuscripts, Vol. 29, No. 1 (May 2001): 22-42.

Ian Wilson, "Reflections on 'Archival Strategies,'" American Archivist, 58, No. 4 (Fall 1995): 414-428.


WEEK 15 - DECEMBER 11

MAJOR PAPER DUE

Management of Electronic Records

Required Readings:

Philip Bantin, "Strategies for Managing Electronic Records: A New Archival Paradigm? An Affirmation of Our Archival Traditions?" Archival Issues, Vol. 23, No. 1 (1998): 17-31.

David Bearman, "New Models for Management of Electronic Records," in Electronic Evidence: Strategies for Managing Records in Contemporary Organizations (Pittsburgh: Archives and Museum Informatics, 1994), pp. 278-292.

Terry Cook, "Electronic Records, Paper Minds: The Revolution in Information Management and Archives in the Post-Custodial and Post-Modernist Era," Archives and Manuscripts 22 (November 1994): 300-328.

Adrian Cunningham, "Waiting for the Ghost Train: Strategies for Managing Electronic Personal Records Before It Is Too Late," Archival Issues, Vol. 24, No. 1 (1999): 55-64.

Margaret Hedstrom, "Digital Preservation: a Time Bomb for Digital Libraries"
http://www.uky.edu/~kiernan/DL/hedstrom.html

David Stephens, "Megatrends in Records Management," (January 1998): 3-9.

Optional Readings:

David Bearman and Margaret Hedstrom, "Reinventing Archives for Electronic Records: Alternative Service Delivery Options," Electronic Records Management Program Strategies, ed. Margaret Hedstrom (Pittsburgh, PA: Archives and Museum Informatics, 1993), pp. 82-98.

T.K. Bikson, "Organization Trends and Electronic Media: Work in Progress," American Archivist 57, No. 1 (Winter 1994): 48-68.

Terry Cook, "The Impact of David Bearman on Modern Archival Thinking: An Essay of Personal Reflection and Critique," Archives and Museum Informatic 11 (1997): 15-37.

Justine Heazlewood, et. al., " Electronic Records: Problem Solved?" Archives and Manuscripts, Vol. 27, No. 1 (May 1999): 96-113.

Margaret Hedstom, "How do Archivists Make Electronic Archives Usable and Accessible?" Archives and Manuscripts, Vol. 26 (May 1998): 6-23.

Linda Henry, "Schellenberg in Cyberspace," American Archivist, Vol. 61, No. 2 (Fall 1998): 309-327.

Richard Kesner, "Automated Information Management: Is There a Role for the Archivist in the Office of the Future?" Archivaria 19 (Winter 1984-1985): 162-172.

Heather MacNeil, "Providing Grounds for Trust: Developing Conceptual Requirements for the Long-Term Preservation of Authentic Electronic Records," Archivaria, No. 50 (Fall 2000): 52-78.

Greg O'Shea and David Roberts, "Living in a Digital World: Reorganizing the Electronic and Post-Custodial Realities," Archives and Manuscripts, Vol. 24, No. 2 (November 1996): 286-311.

David Roberts, "Defining Electronic Records, Documents and Data," Archives and Manuscripts, Vol 22, No. 1 (May 1994): 14-27.