Audio Preservation Principles and Practices

Draft Course Syllabus

Instructor: Mike Casey

SLIS-S 604 (Class #29582) 4:00 — 5:15 PM Mon/Wed

[There will be additions and some changes before fall semester]

Course Objectives


Course Requirements

Student work is evaluated on the following:

5 assignments, each worth a different percentage as detailed below. Together they total 50% of the final grade

Final exam, 25% of final grade

Short paper, 7-10 pages, double-spaced, 15% of final grade

Attendance and participation in class discussions, 10% of final grade

Course Assignments and Timeline

(See separate document for specific assignment instructions)

Assignment 1: Audio Object Evaluation from Listening. 5% of grade.

Using the digital files provided, evaluate each cut for track configuration issues and sonic problems.

Assigned Week 4. Due Week 5

Assignment 2: Ranking Field Collections Using the FACET Software. 10%

Using the collection descriptions provided, complete an evaluation for each collection using FACET.

Assigned Week 7, Due Week 8

Assignment 3: Collecting Technical Metadata for Audio Objects Using the ATMC Software. 15%

Using the descriptions and digital files of audio objects provided, enter all relevant technical and structural metadata for each object.

Assigned Week 11, Due Week 12

Assignment 4: Collecting Digital Provenance Metadata for Preservation Events Using the ATMC Software. 15%

Using the descriptions of preservation events provided, enter all pertinent digital provenance metadata for each event

Assigned Week 12, Due Week 13

Assignment 5: Quality Control for Digital Files. 5%

Using the digital files provided, complete quality control procedures for each file.

Assigned Week 13, Due Week 14

Paper: This is not a paper based on original research but a review and analysis of available sources related to a specific topic in audio preservation. This is an opportunity for students to gain additional expertise in an area of their choice. The paper is based on in-depth reading of sources not included as readings for the course and should demonstrate that the student has command of the major issues related to the topic as well as the effect that these issues have on practice.

Topics approved by the end of Week 7. Paper due at the end of Week 12.



Grading

All grades will be assigned according to the following academic standard, which was defined by student and faculty members of the Committee on Improvement of Instruction and approved by the faculty of the School of Library and Information Science as an aid in evaluation of student performance. Late assignments will be marked down one letter grade.

Grade Numerical Equivalent Definition
A 4.0 (95-100 points) Outstanding achievement. Student performance demonstrates full command of the course material and a high level of originality and/or creativity that far surpasses course expectations.
A - 3.7 (90-94 points) Excellent achievement. Student performance demonstrates thorough knowledge of the course materials and exceeds course expectations by completing all requirements in a superior manner.
B + 3.3 (87-89 points) Very good work. Student performance demonstrates above average comprehension of the course materials and exceeds course expectations on all tasks as defined in the course syllabus.
B 3.0 (83-86 points) Good work. Student performance meets designated course expectations, demonstrates understanding of the course materials, and performs at an acceptable level.
B - 2.7 (80-82 points) Marginal work. Student performance demonstrates incomplete understanding of course materials.
C +

C

3.0 (77-79 points)

2.0 (73-76 points)

Unsatisfactory work. Student performance demonstrates incomplete and inadequate understanding of course materials.

C

D+

D

D-

1.7 (70-72)

1.3

1.0

0.7

(60-69 points)

Unacceptable work. Coursework performed at this level will not count toward the MLS or MIS degree. For the course to count toward the degree, the student must repeat the course with a passing grade.
F 0.0 (<60 points) Failing. Student may continue in the program only with permission of the Dean.


** Ethical Behavior

Indiana University and School of Library and Information Science policies on academic dishonesty will be followed. Academic (e.g. plagiarism) and personal misconduct by students in this class are defined and dealt with according to the procedures in the Code of Student Ethics. Students who engage in plagiarism, cheating, and other types of dishonesty will receive an F for the course. To help you recognize plagiarism, the IU Writing Center has prepared a helpful guide: Plagiarism: What It is and How to Recognize and Avoid It.

Course Schedule and Readings

Week 1: Audio Basics and Storage/Handling of Recordings

Topics: The science of sound and hearing, transducers, audio terms and concepts, digital audio fundamentals, audio devices and signal chains, climate control and shelving for audio recordings, handling basics

Readings: TBA

Week 2: Sound Archives and Media Archiving Principles

Topics: Procedures and documentation used in sound archives, sound archives functions, basic principles of audio/video archiving

Special Activity (during one lecture period): Tour of the Archives of Traditional Music (ATM)

Readings:

Week 3: Survey of Legacy Formats, part 1

Topics: Characteristics of, and preservation problems with, magnetic tape and field/commercial disc formats

Special Activity: Workshop at the ATM on format identification

Readings:

FACET formats document, sections on open reel tape and analog audio cassette, pages 6-45. Available through Oncourse

FACET formats document, sections on DAT, lacquer and aluminum discs, wire recordings, pages 47-65



Week 4: Survey of Legacy Formats, part 2, and Early Recording Technologies

Topics: Characteristics of, and preservation problems with, magnetic tape and field disc formats (continued), process of making early field recordings

Activities: Workshop at the ATM on extraction of information from audio objects

Readings

Field Experiences with Recording Machines, John Lomax, 1937.

Saga of a Folksong Hunger, Alan Lomax, 1960.

Week 5: Audio Preservation Principles, Standards, and Best Practices

Topics: role of standards and best practices, discussion of standards/best practices in use and how they are used, audio preservation in the 1980s and 90s, paradigm shift in the 90s

Readings

Sound Directions: Best Practices for Audio Preservation, pages 5-8

IASA-TC 03, IASA website,

http://www.iasa-web.org/IASA_TC03/TC03_English.pdf

IASA-TC 04, pages ?

Carl Fleischhauer: Library of Congress Digital Audio Preservation Prototyping Project

http://www.arl.org/preserv/sound_savings_proceedings/Digital_audio.shtml

Week 6: Audio Preservation Systems

Topics: Functions and tasks of an audio preservation system; General Systems Theory; personnel, expertise, equipment, and audio studios for audio preservation

Readings

Sound Directions: Best Practices for Audio Preservation, pages 122-127

Sound Directions: Best Practices for Audio Preservation, pages 9-23

OAIS

Week 7: Selection for Preservation

Topics: Assessing preservation condition, evaluating risk, determining research value, other selection factors, ATM selection subsystem

Special Activity: Workshop on evaluating field audio collections using the Field Audio Collection Evaluation Tool (FACET) software

Readings

IASA Selection Document

FACET procedures manual

Week 8: Physical Restoration and Analog Playback

Topics: Understanding and managing the analog playback stage for tapes and discs, tape and disc signal chains, playback procedures/techniques and best practices used by audio preservation engineers, cleaning discs, baking tapes, working through physical problems with open reel tapes and cassettes

Special Activity: Workshop on using open reel tape machines at the ATM

Readings

Sound Directions: Best Practices for Audio Preservation, Chapter 2—page 11 (Analog Playback), pages 24-30

IASA TC-04: Reproduction of Historical Mechanical Formats, pages 11-19

Capturing Analog Sound. Recommended Procedures, Analog Audio Tape, pages 18-24.

http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub137/pub137.pdf

Capturing Analog Sound: Analog Audio Discs and Cylinders, pages 26-31

Week 9: Preservation Digital Audio Files, part 1

Topics: Characteristics of Preservation Master Files, uses/roles of file types, target file format, the Broadcast Wave Format, <bext> chunk metadata and timestamp

Readings

Sound Directions: Best Practices for Audio Preservation, Chapter 3, Digital Files

Week 10: Preservation Digital Audio Files, part 2. Audio Preservation Metadata, part 1

Topics: Additional file types/roles, using of signal processing, working with AES31-3 ADLs, types of metadata for preservation, technical and structural audio object metadata, emerging AES standard

Special Activity: Workshop on documenting audio objects using the Audio Technical Metadata Collector (ATMC) software

Readings

Sound Directions: Best Practices for Audio Preservation, Chapter 4, Metadata, and Appendix 1, Metadata Elements in ATMC

Week 11: Audio Preservation Metadata, part 2

Topics: PREMIS, digital provenance (process history) metadata,

Special Activity: Workshop on documenting digital provenance using ATMC

Readings

PREMIS

Week 12: Audio Preservation Metadata, part 3. Quality Assurance/Quality Control

Topics: differences between QA and QC; types of QC—visual, auditory, machine; QC strategies and risk

Readings

Sound Directions: Best Practices for Audio Preservation, page 114, pages 117-121

Week 13: Storage

Topics: carrier formats, information packages, audio preservation packages, preservation repositories, threats to digital data

Readings

Sound Directions: Best Practices for Audio Preservation, Chapter 5, Storage

IASA TC-04: Preservation Target Formats and Systems, pages 48-74

Risks Associated with the Use of Recordable CDs and DVDs as Reliable Storage Media in Archival Collections Kevin Bradley.

www.unesco.org/webworld/risk

Sound Directions: Best Practices for Audio Preservation, pages 102-108

Requirements for Digital Preservation Systems. David Rosenthal.

http://www.dlib.org/dlib/november05/rosenthal/11rosenthal.html

Week 14: Preservation Workflows and Working with Vendors

Topics: Workflow case studies, use of scripts and automated routines, decision points for outsourcing, constructing RFP's

Readings

Sound Directions: Best Practices for Audio Preservation, pages 122-155

Week 15: Catch up, Review, Summarizing Discussions